For Bitumen is a non-crystalline viscous material, black
or dark brown, which is substantially soluble in carbon
disulphide (CS2), possessing adhesive and water-proofing
qualities. It consists essentially of Hydrocarbons and
would typically comprise at least 80% Carbon and 15%
Hydrogen, the remainder being Oxygen, Sulfur, Nitrogen
and traces of various metals. Penetration Grade Bitumen
is commonly used in road surfacing, and some industrial
applications. Additional processing yields other grades
of bitumen products and their application. Penetration
Test determines the hardness of Bitumen by measuring the
depth ( in tenths of a mm) to which a standard, and
loaded needle will vertically penetrate in 5 seconds, a
sample of Bitumen maintained at a temperature of 25°C
(77°F).
Hence the softer the bitumen, the greater will be its
number of penetration units. (80/100, 60/70, 40/50)
|
SPECIFICATION OF
PENETRATION GRADE BITUMEN
- Comparison table
PROPERTIES |
GRADES |
STANDARD |
SPECIFICATION |
BITUMEN
80/100 |
BITUMEN 60/70 |
BITUMEN 40/50 |
ASTM / AASHTO |
Specification Gravity @25/25°C |
1.01-1.06 |
1.00-1.05 |
1.00-1.05 |
D-70 |
Penetration@25°C
|
80/100
|
60/70 |
40/50 |
D-5 |
Softening Point°C
|
45/52 |
49/56 |
52/60 |
D-36 |
Ductility@25°C CMS
|
100 Min |
100 Min |
100 Min |
D-113 |
Loss on Heating (wt)%
|
0.5 Max |
0.2 Max |
0.2 Max |
D-6 |
Drop in Penetration After Heating %
|
20 Max |
20 Max |
20 Max |
D-6 & D-5 |
Flash Point°C
|
225 Min |
250 Min |
250 Min |
D-92
|
Solubility in CS@(wt)%
|
99.5 Max |
99.5 Max |
99.5 Max |
D-4 |
Spot Test
|
Negative |
Negative |
Negative |
- |
Density@25°C
|
1.01/1.06 |
1.00/1.05 |
1.00/1.05 |
D70 |
30 / 40
Specification
TEST |
LIMIT |
TEST METHOD
|
Penetration@25°C (1/10mm)
|
30-40 |
ASTM D5
|
Ductility@25°C (cm)
|
>100 |
ASTM D113
|
Softening Point (°C)
|
46-54 |
ASTM D36
|
Loss On Heating (%WT)
|
0.2 Max |
ASTM D6
|
Flash Point (°C)
|
>232°C |
ASTM D92
|
Solubility in Trichloroethylene (WT %)
|
>99 |
ASTM D2024 |
Complies with
|
- |
ASTM D946
|
50
/ 70
Specification
TEST |
LIMIT |
TEST METHOD
|
Penetration@25°C (1/10mm)
|
50-70 |
ASTM D5
|
Ductility@25°C (cm)
|
>100 |
ASTM D113
|
Softening Point (°C)
|
46-54 |
ASTM D36
|
Loss On Heating (%WT)
|
0.2 Max |
ASTM D6
|
Drop-in Penetration After Heating (%)
|
20 Max |
ASTM D6 & D5 |
Flash Point (°C)
|
>250°C |
ASTM D92
|
Solubility in CS2 (WT %)
|
>99.5 |
ASTM D2024 |
Density,25°C (g/cm3)
|
1.000/1.050 |
ASTM D70 |
Spot Test
|
Negative |
A.A.S.H.O.T102
|
60 / 70
Specification
TEST |
LIMIT |
TEST METHOD
|
Penetration@25°C (1/10mm)
|
60-70 |
ASTM D5
|
Ductility@25°C (cm)
|
>100 |
ASTM D113
|
Softening Point (°C)
|
46-54 |
ASTM D36
|
Loss On Heating (%WT)
|
0.2 Max |
ASTM D6
|
Drop-in Penetration After Heating (%)
|
20 Max |
ASTM D6 & D5 |
Flash Point (°C)
|
>250°C |
ASTM D92
|
Solubility in CS2 (WT %)
|
>99.5 |
ASTM D2024 |
Density,25°C (g/cm3)
|
1.01/1.06 |
ASTM D70 |
Spot Test
|
Negative |
A.A.S.H.O.T102
|
80 / 100
Specification
TEST |
LIMIT |
TEST METHOD
|
Penetration@25°C, 100g, 5 S, (1/10mm)
|
80-100 / 85-100 |
ASTM D5
|
Ductility@25°C, 5 cm/min (cm)
|
>100 |
ASTM D113
|
Softening Point (°C)
|
42-52 / 45-52 |
ASTM D36
|
Loss On Heating (163°C-5H)
(%WT)
|
0.5 Max |
ASTM D6
|
Drop-in Penetration After Heating (%)
|
20 Max |
ASTM D6 & D5 |
Loss of Weight (%) |
<0.8 |
ASTM D1754
|
Retained Penetration (%)
|
>50 |
ASTM D5 |
Ductility 25°C
|
>100 |
ASTM D113 |
Ductility 15°C
|
>100 |
ASTM D113 |
Flash Point (°C)
|
>230°C |
ASTM D92 |
Bitumen Content (WT %)
|
>99.5 |
ASTM D4
|
Solubility in T.C.E (WT %)
|
>99 |
ASTM D2024 |
Density,25°C (Kg/m2)
|
1.000/1.050 |
ASTM D70 |
85 / 100
Specification
TEST |
LIMIT |
TEST METHOD
|
Penetration@25°C, 100g, 5 S, (1/10mm)
|
80-100 / 85-100 |
ASTM D5
|
Ductility@25°C, 5 cm/min (cm)
|
>100 |
ASTM D113
|
Softening Point (°C)
|
42-52 / 45-52 |
ASTM D36
|
Loss On Heating (163°C-5H)
(%WT)
|
0.5 Max |
ASTM D6
|
Drop-in Penetration After Heating (%)
|
20 Max |
ASTM D6 & D5 |
After Thin Film Oven Test (163°C,5H) |
- |
- |
Loss of Weight (%) |
<0.8 |
ASTM D1754
|
Retained Penetration (%)
|
>50 |
ASTM D5 |
Ductility 25°C
|
>100 |
ASTM D113 |
Ductility 15°C
|
>100 |
ASTM D113 |
Flash Point (°C)
|
>230°C |
ASTM D92 |
Bitumen Content (WT %)
|
>99.5 |
ASTM D4
|
Solubility in T.C.E (WT %)
|
>99 |
ASTM D2024 |
Density,25°C (Kg/m2)
|
1.000/1.050 |
ASTM D70 |
Temperature (°C)
|
Max 90-110 above the Soft |
- |
Bitumen
Class 170,320
and
600
Description:
Paving grade bitumen
manufactured to a tighter specification than prescribed
in
AS 2008
and is suitable for standard sealing and lightly
trafficked asphalt applications. Bitumen used in road
construction and maintenance are refined and blended to
meet strict road engineering requirements and industry
specifications.
Paving grade bitumen€™s are categorized according to
viscosity (degree of fluidity) grading.
Application: Class 170is
widely used in sprayed sealing and light asphalt
applications to provide durability and fatigue
resistance. It is also used to manufacture cutback
bitumen, bitumen emulsions and modified bitumen. Class
320 is most commonly used to manufacture asphalt mixes
while Class 600 is primarily used to manufacture extra
heavy-duty asphalt pavements that need to endure
substantial traffic loadings.
PROPERTIES |
RANGE |
SPECIFICATION |
Class 170 |
Class 320 |
Class 600 |
Viscosity@60°C, Pa.s |
170 |
320 |
600 |
Viscosity@135°C, Pa.s
|
0.40 |
0.53 |
0.80 |
Viscosity@60°C after RTFO, Pa.s
|
300 |
640 |
1300 |
Penetration@25°C, dmm
|
70 |
46 |
27 |
Flash Point (°C)
|
360 |
360 |
360 |
Viscosity of Residue@60°C % of original
|
180 |
200 |
215 |
Density@15°C,
kg/m3
|
1.04 |
1.04 |
1.04 |
|